{"id":9361,"date":"2015-07-16T12:10:48","date_gmt":"2015-07-16T12:10:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohelet.org.il\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/"},"modified":"2026-06-09T09:42:50","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T09:42:50","slug":"appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/","title":{"rendered":"Kohelet Paper &#8211; Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Professors Avi Bell and Eugene Kontorovich detail the legal steps the State of Israel should take in response to the proposed European measure to label Israeli goods from &#8220;settlements&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the Introduction:  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The European Commission is expected to take new steps in the coming months to mark Israeli products from areas where sovereignty is under dispute. If Israel does not appeal these measures, harsher sanctions should be expected. The WTO has a system of conflict resolution, which could provide a framework for Israel to challenge the European restrictions without appearing before a court which is likely hostile towards Israel. This paper discusses the invalidity of the European Commission\u2019s decision and recommends various steps Israel should take to appeal them.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Download the full paper <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/KPF35_challenge-EU_141015PublicElectronic-november2015.pdf\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/KPF35_challenge-EU_141015PublicElectronic-november2015.pdf\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Professors Avi Bell and Eugene Kontorovich detail the legal steps the State of Israel should take in response to the proposed European measure to label Israeli goods from &#8220;settlements&#8221;. From the Introduction: The European Commission is expected to take new steps in the coming months to mark Israeli products from areas where sovereignty is under [&hellip;]","protected":false},"featured_media":12400,"template":"","article-category":[525],"custom-tags":[534,41,548,555,564,634],"ppma_author":[49],"class_list":["post-9361","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","article-category-publications","custom-tags-eu","custom-tags-international-law","custom-tags-kohelet","custom-tags-policy-paper","custom-tags-sanctions","custom-tags-world-trade-organization"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Professors Avi Bell and Eugene Kontorovich detail the legal steps the State of Israel should take in response to the proposed European measure to label Israeli goods from &#8220;settlements&#8221;. From the Introduction: The European Commission is expected to take new steps in the coming months to mark Israeli products from areas where sovereignty is under [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"kohelet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Kohelet.org.il\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-09T09:42:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"407\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"597\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@koheletforum\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/\",\"name\":\"Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-07-16T12:10:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-09T09:42:50+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png\",\"width\":407,\"height\":597,\"caption\":\"cover paper: Challenging EU Restrictions\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/article\\\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Kohelet Paper &#8211; Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-\u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea-\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea-SVG.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-\u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea-\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea-SVG.svg\",\"width\":292,\"height\":459,\"caption\":\"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.kohelet.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Kohelet.org.il\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/koheletforum\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet","og_description":"Professors Avi Bell and Eugene Kontorovich detail the legal steps the State of Israel should take in response to the proposed European measure to label Israeli goods from &#8220;settlements&#8221;. From the Introduction: The European Commission is expected to take new steps in the coming months to mark Israeli products from areas where sovereignty is under [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/","og_site_name":"kohelet","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Kohelet.org.il\/","article_modified_time":"2026-06-09T09:42:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":407,"height":597,"url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@koheletforum","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/","url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/","name":"Kohelet Paper - Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization - kohelet","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png","datePublished":"2015-07-16T12:10:48+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-09T09:42:50+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2026-06-09-124014.png","width":407,"height":597,"caption":"cover paper: Challenging EU Restrictions"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/article\/appealing-to-the-world-trade-organization-about-the-illegal-european-restrictions-on-israeli-products\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Kohelet Paper &#8211; Challenging the EU\u2019s Illegal Restrictions on Israeli Products in the World Trade Organization"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/","name":"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#organization","name":"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea","url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-\u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea-\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea-SVG.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-\u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea-\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea-SVG.svg","width":292,"height":459,"caption":"\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Kohelet.org.il\/","https:\/\/x.com\/koheletforum"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/9361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"article-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article-category?post=9361"},{"taxonomy":"custom-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/custom-tags?post=9361"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kohelet.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=9361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}